History of Ireland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

History of Ireland - Essay Example In 1973 Ireland became a member of the European Union. [01] The heart of the country is limestone- floored lowland bounded on the south by the Armorican ridges and on the north and west by the Caledonian mountains. This lowland is open to the Irish Sea for a distance of 90 km between the Wicklow Mountains and the Carling ford peninsula, giving easy access to the country from the east. It also extends westwards to reach the Atlantic Ocean along the Shannon Estuary, in Galway Bay, in Clew Bay and again in Donegal Bay. Numerous hills break the monotony of the lowland which rises westward towards the coast in County Clare where it terminates in the cliffs of Moher, one of the finest lines of cliff scenery in Western Europe. [02] Much of Ireland was covered by ice during the Pleistocene period. This ice finally melted away about twelve thousand years ago, leaving behind evidence of its former presence in most of the minor physical features of the landscape. Throughout the greater part of the lowland the bedrock is hidden by glacial deposits which, in the north central part of the country, form a broad belt of small hills (drumlins). The glacial cover also modified the early drainage pattern and in places created groundwater conditions which facilitated the growth of peat bogs. [02] Caught in the recede and flow of the last Ice Ages over the last ... The sea level dropped 130 m (426 feet) or more during the interval from around 30,000 to 15,000 years ago, when Ireland became part of continental Europe [again], and sea levels have been generally rising ever since, albeit at a much slower rate. The image to the left represents the land mass of Europe near the time of the last glacial maximum (minus the ice sheets and the ocean water). Take a close look at the "British peninsula" and the outline of Ireland and Great Britain upon it. [05] In and around 20,000 years ago the area that would later reform the British Isles was mainly covered by a thick sheet of ice. This was during the last maximum expansion of the polar ice caps when sea levels were about 120 meters lower than today. To get another view of the British Isles when they were not islands, see this Pleistocene age reconstruction (circa 18000 radiocarbon years ago) of the outline of the European continent, or also see here. After about 9000 BC, the climate again warmed, the juniper spread, and the birch appeared in large numbers for the first time. Pine, elm and other forest trees also appeared, and Ireland began a long-term process of forestation. Other plants and animals crossed the land bridges as well. Red deer, wild boar, possibly bears, red squirrels, pine-martens, Wolves, foxes, stoats, and eagles and other birds of prey took up residence. Fish and game birds were soon present in abundance. [05] The first definite evidence of human settlement in Ireland dates from 8000 to 7000 BC. They are known from early archaeological findings to have made an appearance in the far north in the lower Bann valley near present-day Coleraine and in the southwest in the Shannon estuary. Later they are thought to spread northeast along the coast of

Ethics of Engineering Essay Example for Free

Ethics of Engineering Essay Risk can be defined in many different versions basing on the specified use and situational context. It can simply means the future negative circumstances that can be prevented or mitigated, rather than day to day that calls for immediate attention. When it comes to risk management, the word hazard can be used to define a situation that would lead to harm while the word risk would mean a probability of anything occurring. This concept was applied at planning of delta works in the nineteenth century, which is a flood preventing project in western country. The type of risk analysis is now common in sites like chemical industry and nuclear power. Determining engineering risk is somewhere hard especially in industries where there is production of toxic materials. The way forward to measure individual life cost caused by the loss differs basing on the aim or purpose. Most measures entail what individuals are able to give to insure against death (National Academy of Engineering National Academies Press (US), 2004). Categories of risk -financial risk; is mostly termed as the unplanned variability of returns which covers bad-than-unplanned as well as good-than-desired returns. Basing on statistics risk is always placed to the probability of a number of outcomes that are mostly undesirable (Morse Babcock, 2009). Often the probability of the event and various assessment of its perceived harm need to be joined into a believable outcome, which joins a group of risk, regret and pay probabilities in a desired value for that same outcome. Risk is therefore assessed as a task of three variables namely the probability that there might be a negative warning, the presence of vulnerability and finally potential improvement in business. The first two probabilities are joined together and sometimes called likelihood, if any of the named variables above almost results to zero, the whole risk results to zero. Risk can further be defined as a state of lacking complete certainty where a number of possibilities entail a loss or various unexpected outcome. Measurement of risk; a group of possibilities with which each has a quantified probability and quantified losses From the text above it is vital for one to have uncertainty with no risk but not have risk without uncertainty. People can be uncertain concerning who will be the winner in a contest but unless they hold individuals stake in it, they hold no risk (Martin Schinzinger, 2005). If people bet some finances on the results of the contest, then it is true they have a risk. In this similar occurrences there are different outcome. The value of uncertainty only defines the probabilities kept for outcomes, as the calculation of risk calls for the two outcomes that is probability and quantified (National Academy of Engineering National Academies Press (US), 2004). Insurance and heath risk insurance is a type of risk lowering investment whereby the customer gives some agreed amount to be safer incase a negative issue arises. In this way, the customer will be so sure a loss has not occurred. Buying a lottery ticket is a high-risk investment with a possibility of minimal reward but with a high chance of getting a loss (Moriarty, 2008). Banking some funds at a specific rate of interest is also taking a risk although the return is less but guaranteed. Some risks like in individual’s health could be minimized through primary prevention habits that lowers early occurrence of diseases or by secondary avoidance habits once an individual has been exposed to early symptoms and signs that could be a risk factor. Tertiary avoidance lowers the negative outcome of a disease that is already established by minimizing illness- associated complication and restoring the functions. Every medical professional needs clear discussions about risk factors with an individual client to acquire informed consent concerning tertiary and secondary avoidance efforts however the entire medical health efforts in primary avoidance needs education of the public group at risk (Martin Schinzinger, 2005). In each circumstance, excellent communication concerning any risk factors, predicted results and certainty should differentiate between causal circumstances that need to be reduced and associated circumstances which might be consequences rather than causes (Baura, 2006). Safety It can be defined as a situation of being secure, out of danger injury or risk or in other terms, it means events that call to lower or do away with hazardous situations that can lead to injury of the body. Categories of safety †¢ Occupational safety it is mainly based with risks in locations where individuals work that is in building and construction, business industries and organizations. †¢ public safety it deals with hazards in premises, journeys, touring and recreation, and in other various circumstances which is not within the category of occupational safety †¢ Marketing safety this entails security in purchasing of goods and even in producing. One must be sure the services offered will not lead to a negative outcome (Baura, 2006). On the other hand, the producers themselves should not risk in making a loss for this can cause the closure of a business. †¢ Insurance risk this avoids a great loss in business or in individuals investment incase an accident or an injury arises, that means the owner is secured. In case of an accident, it is always advisable to analyze the employees’ status of safety measures, which could be affected by outward working environment, attitudes directed to security and accident avoidance work and also leaders’ commitment in security promotion. Such kind of factors could be linked to work stress and risk behavior (Moriarty, 2008). The perceived risk behavior affects negative outcomes like accidents and near misses, while the possibility that discourages improvement in transforming a person’s risk perception towards embracing safety is still not yet clear (Martin Schinzinger, 2005). Competent verses incompetent A competent engineer is one whose work is recommendable and excellent; he evaluates, assesses and organizes the employees to work with an aim of meeting the company’s goals and objectives. He works under minimal supervision from the seniors, seeks for advice in times of difficulty and consults other professionals to add skills and knowledge (Harris et al 2008). Unlike incompetent engineer who might have no knowledge of his work and his end results after working are disgusting. Maintaining a competent engineer could be challenging unlike the incompetent one. A good engineer has most of the qualification required in his area of assignment; works well to produce excellent results while a good person is generally pleasing and manifests good characters but may be lacking qualifications in his work (National Academy of Engineering National Academies Press (US), 2004). A person may be competent but lacks good morals this can be evidenced by most of the employers who employ workers on condition to get ‘something’ in return. This is mostly happening in the modern world where most competent individuals have no integrity or character. In conclusion, it is better to risk taking an action despite of the unknown results rather than being safe in a condition whose guaranteed results are negative for example banking money to gain small interest instead of keeping it with you. Reference Baura, G. (2006). Engineering ethics: an industrial perspective. New York: Academic Press. Harris, C. , Pritchard, M. Rabins, M. (2008). Engineering Ethics: Concepts and Cases, 4th Ed. New York: Cengage Learning. Martin, M. Schinzinger, R. (2005). Ethics in engineering, 4th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers. Moriarty, G. (2008). The engineering project: its nature, ethics, and promise. New York: Penn State Press. Morse, L. Babcock, D. (2009). Managing Engineering and Technology: An Introduction to Management for Engineers, 5th Ed. New York: Prentice Hall Publishers. National Academy of Engineering National Academies Press (US). (2004). Emerging technologies and ethical issues in engineering: papers from a workshop, October 14-15, 2003. New York: National Academies Press.

Detecting Wireless LAN MAC Address Spoofing Essay -- Technology Techno

Detecting Wireless LAN MAC Address Spoofing Abstract An attacker wishing to disrupt a wireless network has a wide arsenal available to them. Many of these tools rely on using a faked MAC address, masquerading as an authorized wireless access point or as an authorized client. Using these tools, an attacker can launch denial of service attacks, bypass access control mechanisms, or falsely advertise services to wireless clients. This presents unique opportunities for attacks against wireless networks that are difficult to detect, since the attacker can present himself as an authorized client by using an altered MAC address. As nearly all wireless NICs permit changing their MAC address to an arbitrary value – through vendor-supplied drivers, open-source drivers or various application programming frameworks – it is trivial for an attacker to wreak havoc on a target wireless LAN. This paper describes some of the techniques attackers utilize to disrupt wireless networks through MAC address spoofing, demonstrated with captured traffic that was generated by the AirJack, FakeAP and Wellenreiter tools. Through the analysis of these traces, the author identifies techniques that can be employed to detect applications that are using spoofed MAC addresses. With this information, wireless equipment manufacturers could implement anomaly-based intrusion detection systems capable of identifying MAC address spoofing to alert administrators of attacks against their networks. Introduction MAC addresses have long been used as the singularly unique layer 2 network identifier in LANs. Through controlled, organizationally unique identifiers (OUI) allocated to hardware manufacturers, MAC addresses are globally unique ... ... Network administrators and intrusion analysts need to be aware of the risks associated with 802.11 network deployment, and the techniques that can be used to identify malicious client activity. Works Cited AirJack. â€Å"Advanced 802.11 Attack Tools.† URL: http://802.11ninja.net/ (12 Nov 2002). FakeAP. â€Å"Black Alchemy Weapons Lab.† URL: http://www.blackalchemy.to/project/fakeap/ (19 Dec 2002). IEEE. â€Å"IEEE OUI and Company_id Assignments.† URL: http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/oui.txt (13 Nov 2002). Malinen, Jouni. â€Å"Host AP driver for Intersil Prism2/2.5/3.† File: README.prism2, URL: http://hostap.epitest.fi/ (13 Nov 2002). Schiffman, Mike. â€Å"Radiate 802.11b frame handling.† URL: http://www.packetfactory.net/projects/radiate/ (13 Nov 2002). Wellenreiter. â€Å"Wireless LAN Discovery and Auditing Tool† URL: http://www.remote-exploit.org/ (19 Dec 2002).

Paracetamol and Rheumatic Pain Management

Journal Article Critique HCA 220 Kayla Dye 3/3/2013 Wanda Carter This article explains what pains the elderly suffer from. Musculoskeletal pain in mentioned to be the most common. It mentions the causes being rheumatic pain, different types of arthritis, and non curable conditions such as tendonitis and bursitis. It states that pain management can either be treated with pharmaceuticals or non pharmaceuticals. Education of the patient of treatment is important in order to maintain good health with non pharmaceuticals.With pharmaceuticals are also offered but are mentioned to be â€Å"cost-effective† and since they contain â€Å"NSAIDs† there is less risk for harmful effects with effective relief of symptoms. Any of the pharmaceuticals that the elderly use should be used with caution because of sensitivity and drug interactions. This requires attention and adjustments of dosages to avoid risk and be beneficial at the same time. This article states there are four broad cat egories of treatment which include analgesics, NSAIDs, even stronger analgesics, and adjuvant drugs.With all these drugs they should be maintained efficiently throughout the period of treatment and physicians should be aware of the effects. The goals that are discussed with patients and physicians should be realistic for the pain management to be effective. They are ways to help side effects of rheumatic pain such as helping sleep disturbance, fatigue, and mood disorders. For any of this to be effective educational efforts must still be involved with the patient and healthcare professional perspectives. An accurate diagnosis for rheumatic pain management will help if the patients are realistic as this article states.These treatments should be multimodal, but pay attention to the health of the patient. The best outcome would be to have a great impact on the pain and improve their lives and with the wider range of options of treatment that can make it possible and help physicians with musculoskeletal aches and pains that occur in the elderly. Some implications that healthcare professionals could have are that pain characteristics, disability levels, and psychological factors such as depression and anxiety could affect the prognosis of musculoskeletal pain.Variables that are associated with poor outcomes for musculoskeletal pain could include the return of pain and complaints within a short time period, lack of education, use of pain medication, and even more bothersome pain occurring. There are important implications of expanded testing and treatment for musculoskeletal pain. Innovation has often outpaced clinical science, leaving uncertainty about the efficacy and safety of many common treatments. Complications and even deaths related to pain management are increasing. Despite uncertainties, manufacturers aggressively promote new drugs and devices.However, trust in the science supporting these products is eroded by revelations of misleading advertising, allegat ions of kickbacks to physicians,  and major investments by surgeons in the products they are investigating. Associate Level Material Medical Terminology Breakdown Break down 10 medical words from your chosen article. Place the component parts in the correct boxes. Copy and paste this template into your Week Eight paper. | Medical Word| Prefix| Combining form| Suffix| Definition| 1|   rheumatic| Rheumat/o| Rheumat/o-ic| ic| Watery flow. 2| osteoarthritis| Osteo/o | Osteo/o-arthr/o-itis| itis| A form of arthritis, occurring mainly in older persons, that is characterized by chronic degeneration of the cartilage of the joints. | 3| arthritis| Arthr/o| Anthr/o-itis| itis| Inflammation of a joint. | 4| tendinitis| Tendin/o| Tendin/o-itis| itis| Inflammation of a tendon. | 5| bursitis| Burs/o| Burs/o-itis| itis| Inflammation of a bursa. | 6| acetaminophen| A/o| a-ceto/o-mino/o-pheno/o-en| en| Analgesic drug used as an alternative to aspirin. 7| analgesic| Ana/o| Ana/o-ges-ic| ic| Pain killer| 8| musculo-skeletal| Musculo/o| Musculo/o- skelet/o-al | al| Pertaining to or comprising the skeleton and muscles. | 9| pharmacological| Pharmac/o| Pharmac/o-log/o-ic-al| al| The science of drugs, including their composition, uses, and effects. | 10| intra-articular| Intra | Intra/-articul/o-ar| ar| Within a joint. | References Fitzcharles, M. -A. , Lussier, D. , & Shir, Y. (2010). Management of chronic arthritis pain in the elderly. Drugs & Aging,  27(6), 471.

Effects of Dota

Computer Game Addiction â€Å"Responsible gaming is an attitude we need if we are engage into Computer Game. Developing this attitude is not a personal choice alone, it requires the participation of society (parents, school, game developer and government). â€Å" As a computer game user,player and fan, it has led me to study the effects of playing computer games such as DOTA, KHAN, and other highly innovative and competitively graphical games. The purpose of the study was to establish an understanding of to what extent is the effect of playing online games, network games and other types to the studies of the students in the university where I graduated. While it was difficult to set a parameter of classifying games according to types and quality since I and my friend believed that the characteristics of the games have something to do with the addiction of students to playing, we thought that it would be safe to just assume games as if have the same characteristics even though these games are under of different types and of the different level of complex graphical presentation, level of real-time experiences, the plot of story it is trying to project and a lot more qualities. Thus, if we quantify the effects then assumption holds that each game that we have studied has a relatively the same impact to students considering its character/quality. However, the extent of its impact is relatively different when we talk about the degree of variation to students experiences towards gaming. This shows therefore that in studying game addiction, it requires a rigid classification and parameter identification to clearly qualify and quantify the impact of this activity to the life of students and Human in general. I encountered several unique experiences when we did the study, and it has given me knowledge on the magnitude of effects whether it is health, study, social, and family and even money issues. One of result says that female players is exactly the same compared to male players when it comes the time of engagement to games. This means that women has started playing games as early as 4 years old as the time of engagement of men revealed, and they women also spent closely 5 to 8 hrs on the average everyday just like men does. † The proceeding discussion will talk about the games, the different types of game and the hundreds available game in the market. Posted on Tuesday, 17. 02. 09 @ 10:55 PM Effects of DoTA It is a kind of neither a game that excites the students to play because of the new updates that come across that game, Data can be an online game nor a local game, can be played by group. This is a kind of character game, means that they're aiming a good character. This is a bloody game on computer. There are many students and even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or Data. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students.Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the computer shop Just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why hey are lying to their parents that they need extra money for their school project but the truth is they are Just using the money to rent a computer where they can play Data with their classmates.Sometimes in order to make the game exciting, they have a deal to pay those who won the game so it becomes already a form of gambling. When time spent on the computer, playing Data games or cruising the internet reaches a point that it harms a child's or adult's family and social relationships, or disrupts school or work life, that person maybe caught in a cycle of addiction. Like there addictions, Data game has replaced friends and family as the source of a person, emotional life.Increasingly, to feel good, the addicted person spends more time playing video games or searching the internet. When a person spends up to ten hours a day or more rearranging or sending files, playing games, surfing the net, visiting chat rooms, instant messaging, and reading emails. That easily can reach up to seventy to eighty hours a week online with the computer. Major social, school or work disruptions will result.Description of Researcher's Role In this study we had many roles to be tag along and to be acted upon depending n the situa tion. In our research we, the researchers are the instruments. We interact and collaborate with our respondents and gathers data by ourselves. However, in quantitative research, we are non-existent we use instruments to collect data and do not interact with our respondents. These roles and their accompanying broadly stated problems for deliberation are suitable to the Collaborative Research Model in mind.We the researcher's of this case applied these roles: We conducted interviews on our respondents: Data players/addicts Researched some information's in the internet regarding in our case Read books in the library for the aromas Joint our opinions with regards to the topic We considered our limitations in conducting the interview Conclusion After gathering information during our interview and analyzing the information on the case of the effects of Data, we therefore conclude that this Data game has a great effect to the person who are playing on it and come to an end of addiction.The player of this game doesn't matter with their ages and status. From the young to adults Data is the game that is mostly played. It also leads the players to make risky behavior that tends Data players forget their obligations and also their personal Hygiene. Data also complicates relationship on family, friends and special someone. As a whole Data can change the lives of the people who used to play this game. Schematic Diagram Body Data Origin DATA was originally created by a legendary mapmaker called Just by his alias â€Å"Lull† (hence the item Eel's Scepter of Divinity) on of Warrant Ill : Reign of Chaos World Editor.Upon the release of the Frozen Throne expansion, Lull failed to update his map and generous enough to let others develop the map into what we known today as DATA Alistair by another mapmaker called â€Å"Guising† (hence also the item Guising). With the great features of World Editor, DATA maps was even more creatively developed in the 6. X versions by today's DATA Alistair main programmer called â€Å"Iceberg†. Until today, Iceberg declares official map editions of DATA even though many other World Editor mapmakers edit DATA maps in subtle different ways.World Editor is a JOSS-Asynchronous Scripting Syntax)-based application software used to create and edit AD game maps in Blizzard ‘s Warrant Ill. The mapmaker can custom the game through existing virtual palette for units, buildings structures, terrains, sectors, and cameras views. There is also an added pallet imported from Statecraft map editor called doodads (for waters, trees, bushes, boulders, skeletons, fire pits, and others). SASS programmers can specify triggers on how units respond to specific events in the game. These triggers are the building blocks of Data's gamesman.It is the reason why neutral units would retaliate when being attacked and all surrounding enemy units to attack Axe when he pumped the berserker call skill. Any instruction from the gamer pr ompts a trigger and so on with other triggers – a chain reaction of triggers. The editor of Warrant maps and game customs has really surpassed all other forms of game editor in the sense that even novice mapmakers can understand and can easily get along. No wonder why Ells have given up so much inspiration to custom Warrant games the way we wanted to, and customize the map that we always want to play to – the DATA Alistair.So before Iceberg customized the most popular version of DATA Alistair, before Guising updated DATA into Alistair, and before Ells created the DATA custom game, the Blizzard programmers had already handed down to us this great World Editor to kick that creativeness out of gamers lawful minds. Warrant, in general, and DATA Alistair, in particular, may not be this dynamic without the World Editor's provision to enrich the game itself in the farthest way Blizzard could have imagined. The History of Data Much of Defense of the Ancient's gamely stems from inspirations from the Neon of Strife map, available for both Statecraft and Warrant 3.Neon of Strife, also known as ASS, is a modified map that pioneered the concept of players choosing a single hero for the collective objective of destroying the opposing team's base (relatively a new concept for ARTS games). To accomplish this goal, players employ a myriad of strategies based on teamwork and competitive play. Ass-type maps may include many differing features and functions to increase the level of competitive play (I. E. Items that give power, towers that alter gamely, and objectives that win the game).Defense of the Ancient was originally created for Warrant Ill: Reign of Chaos by lead programmer Lull up until the release of Warrant Ill: The Frozen Throne. Lull did not continue development onto The Frozen Throne; and instead, made the map open source before officially shutting down development. In the following days/weeks of Eel's absence, many different variations of Data began t o pop-up including: Data Darkness Falls Data Chaos Data All-stars *other variations exist, but the chronological order is as of yet unconfirmed.From the sea of selection, however, Data All-stars became the most popular version, and is still the most widely played map today. Balancing Studies and DATA The more you excel in Data, the more you flunk at school. -not true. Improving in Data is not all about playing 10 or more games per day. Players improve by how well they learn after winning or losing a game (most of the time in losing). Players who are hard headed and don't believe that they lost because what they are doing is wrong, will never be a better player. The best way to balance studies and Data is having strategies for both.These strategies are the things you're going to think of on how you're going to improve quickly. 1. Pay attention at school. Most players are spending all night playing Data and still daydream about Data when it's school time. You have to focus on what you 're doing at the moment. If you are in the classroom, listen, take notes, do your seat works. Forget anything else unrelated to your studies. . Play moderately. Do not exhaust yourself too much to avoid getting dizzy at school in the morning or worst getting absent/late. Also, you have to reserve energy to study for announced/unannounced quizzes. . Pay attention at your game. When it's playtime, play wisely. Use your limited time to the fullest. 2 or 3 games every afternoon are enough to be a great player after 1 or 2 months. You have to focus on your strengths and weaknesses. Develop your strengths and convert your weaknesses to strengths. 4. Observe the factors that affect your studies. If you find it hard to study after laying, you should study first before playing. In my case, I find it hard to study after losing therefore I used Data as a reward after studying. 5. Know when not to play. Be the master of your own body.If you have a report on the following day or an examination, chances are you need more time for that. You have to sacrifice playing which is not and shouldn't be your priority. 6. Don't mind the insults. If you are insulted for being a weak player, don't be offended causing you to play more hours trying to prove to them that you are a great player. Be offended if you're scolded by your teacher for not doing a simple emperor because of playing all night. 7. Cutting-class is a drug. You try it once, you'll get addicted. Never cut-class if you want to graduate on time. 8. Know when to quit.Know when Data cannot be included in your schedule anymore. For example, in my case, I have to do advance reading and projects. I gave up playing competitive Data and Just play whenever I'm free (twice or thrice a week). Now that I am a lot busier, I'm going to update my blob twice per week instead of everyday. Just like any sport, Data shouldn't be treated as a priority. Play it for fun and play it moderately. Rules in Data Like any other games Data itself ha s its rules. 1. Leaving a game or the use of hacks will result in a ban. 2. If either team has less than 4 people remaining, you may leave without a ban.If the opponents are down one player, and you want to leave to make it even, all allies must agree to it in ALL chat.. 3. Forfeit is allowed after 50 minutes have past and your entire team agrees in all chat by saying â€Å"IF† or â€Å"forfeit†. In a vi, the team of 4 can forfeit after 30 minutes. 4. Remake is allowed if 6 or more players agree (at least 2 from each team). Remake is also allowed if someone leaves in the first 15 minutes ND 3 or more people agree to remake within the next 2 minutes. 5. Going AFC frequently or for long periods may result in a ban. 6.Intentional game ruining things like item stealing from allies and creep blocking are bankable. 7. You may not telephoto into an enemy base without your creeps there, any other backcombing IS allowed. 8. Racism or extreme trash talking may result in a report for review by a neutral moderator. 9. Swapping players without their consent is bankable Data Heroes Karakul, Troll Warlord He has gar attack strength after crisis level 6 provided correct items are chosen. Troll is best hero in data because of his matter bash and attack speed he he very strong skills and perfect item definitely and offense.Tracer, the Drown Ranger Very easy to use yet very strong AS. Does not require complex combination of skills, she Just needs the right combination of items. Best character. When enemy hero silenced and chilled and you have divine rapier. No chance for him Easy to kill enemies. When coming to late game, that's when she shines. She will become unstoppable! Hussar, The Memo Kid I think hussar is the great hero†¦ Best build items†¦ (means, treasure, armlet, and nominator†¦ To Achieve the great and powerful strength of hussar. If you know the correct move, you can kill everybody.HUSSAR is the best among the rest†¦ My best item bui ld( threads, satanic, armlet, ginghams and 2 heart of treasure†¦ ) Dark Terrors, Faceless Void Amazing character. Will be kill with chromospheres plus cranium basher.. I think everybody will feel so SICK. This is the hero that got me caught up in data, from the first time I played him amazing dude. The best killer data. For attack his third skill for stun. And 5 sec chromo to kill INTO hero. Lustful, Auras Warrior Using his artichoke along with overpower really makes us ‘godlike'. Enrage also gets him on top of all the heroes of dot A.Provide him with the abyssal blade, a Shiva's guard and the loather's educe and rest leave to him. His awesome speed can also make a difference. Choose him once and you will never think of another hero. Behold the vela's offering in his claws, anything is undone. Level 4 of Furry Swipes he's ready to reclaim what Reason stole. He has deadly skills and sank kill Russian in level without test Dragon Knight Dragon knight can be anything. Using his skills he can be anything; from a stunner to oilier, and even a pusher. DC is the best HERO 4 me. Because he has a super AS! COOL! 😀 With the ARMOR and REGENT.. Find a way to run..There the Dragon's rage come.. † Bungalow, Electrotype He should be the best because his attack speed and strength is so remarkable when he turns into a wolf. So cool, So awesome. For me bungalow, electrotype is best for me, because even you did not give inventory to him, he still powerful†¦ From bon BUNGALOW CAN BEAT ANYONE Seven, the Rogue Knight Strongest melee heroes, his God Strength beat everything and when the enemy runs†¦ Say hello to Storm Bolt. Seven got the God's Strength no one can beat him with God's Strength even troll he Just go get basher and make for troll he is Tank, Hitter, Stunner, Runner (war cry) and what? s then dagger then stun then hit rampage. Brachium, Spirit Breaker Fast runner and good for the team and wear madness With Mask of madness, power threads and crystals you will be able to make a kill in 4 seconds. Brachium is an awesome hero and with proper items he is unstoppable. Coo he runs fast sometimes it cool. Carded Sharpe, Dwarves Sniper Just try it with an item build of gangs and hash, butterfly, burial-do-Kenyon, monkey inning bar, heart of treasure and power threads. Carded is the best in long range appearance.I know that he is weak, but he can also finish the Job. That's why I chose him than drown ranger and I want you all to use carded because he as great skills (especially by his last skill) and I now he is slow at speed. Fragile yet very strong and precise as the name suggests. He's easy to play as but hard to master. Only a true DATA player can use him at his fullest potential. My advice is to HIT fast and HIT hard. Be Polite. Be Efficient. Be Professional. Never Kill Steal. Assassinate/ Data Heroes for STRENGTHEarthquakes Seven Tiny Skunks Bushmaster Clockwork McKnight Hussar Alchemist Brewster Treat Protector Wisp Centaur Warner Timbers Tusk Axe Budge Sand King Slander Thundered Skeleton King Lifestyles Night Stalker Doom Spirit Breaker Electrotype Chaos Knight Undying Magnums Data Heroes for Agility Anti-Mage Drown Ranger Juggernaut Marina Morphing Phantom Lancer Vengeful Spirit Rick Sniper Template Assassin Ulna Bounty Hunter Auras Gyroscopes Lone Druid Nag Sire Troll warlord Bloodsucker Shadow Fiend Razor Vengeance Faceless Void Phantom Assassin Viper Clinks Bloodmobile Weaver Specter MopeONYX Assassin Clark Medusa Data Heroes for Intelligence Crystal Maiden Puck Storm Spirit Windsurfer Zeus Liana Shadow Shaman Tinker Nature's Prophet Enchantress Jakarta Chem. Silencer Ogre Magi Rubric Disruptor Keeper of the Light Bane Lice Lion Witch Doctor Enigma Necrology Warlock Queen of Pain Death Prophet Pug Dazzle Lasher Dark Seer Batterer Ancient Apparition Invoker Outward Devourer Shadow Demon Visage Advantages and Disadvantages of Data The life style of the youth who have been playing Data is af fected by the game. There are both advantages and disadvantages for them. Let's talk about the advantages iris.As one of the most playable games online, Data can make the players become alert in the mental. They will also turn to be strategic and cooperative. Through computing the magic, damages, gold, physical reduction present and the other stuff, they will get more lore in mathematics. Thus, the youth can get benefits from playing Data. However, not only does the game has advantages, it can also generate the bad effects. It is said that the body system will be weakened. The way the young people think along with their mind will be corrupted. They will not take the money and moral values seriously in life.Heroes in the game often use powerful units. They also have allied heroes and AAA-controlled fighters called â€Å"creeps† who can offer the assistance. Over the mission, gamers are required to purchase the equipment with gold. They have to level up their hero. It may lead them to irresponsibility if they cannot control themselves to deal with time management and priority. They will become lazier and forget the studies. Owing to the game, they may also break the relationships with the family members. What's worse, they will lose their temper and values by the foul languages alike â€Å"Trash talks†.The triggers always exist potentially. More money will be wasted if they cannot stop playing the game. Although the game is funny, you cannot be too addicted. Self-control is extremely important in the modern times. DATA Advantages 1 . Data helps the youth who are playing this game to become mentally alert, cooperative, and strategic. 2. It increases their knowledge in mathematics by computing the gold's, damages, magic and physical reduction present in the game. 3. Playing DATA are for the youth to communicate teenagers who initially don't know each other can easily be friends. Effects of DoTA It is a kind of neither a game that excites the students to play because of the new updates that come across that game, Data can be an online game nor a local game, can be played by group. This is a kind of character game, means that they're aiming a good character. This is a bloody game on computer. There are many students and even some young professional are addicted to Defense of the Ancients or Data. This is a kind of computer games that can be played by many players and is one of the most popular games to young students.Many students get addicted to this game and they even long hours inside the computer shop Just playing this kind of game. There are studies that getting addicted in playing computer games affects their studies and this is the cause why hey are lying to their parents that they need extra money for their school project but the truth is they are Just using the money to rent a computer where they can play Data with their classmates.Sometimes in order to make the game exciting, they have a deal to pay those who won the game so it becomes already a form of gambling. When time spent on the computer, playing Data games or cruising the internet reaches a point that it harms a child's or adult's family and social relationships, or disrupts school or work life, that person maybe caught in a cycle of addiction. Like there addictions, Data game has replaced friends and family as the source of a person, emotional life.Increasingly, to feel good, the addicted person spends more time playing video games or searching the internet. When a person spends up to ten hours a day or more rearranging or sending files, playing games, surfing the net, visiting chat rooms, instant messaging, and reading emails. That easily can reach up to seventy to eighty hours a week online with the computer. Major social, school or work disruptions will result.Description of Researcher's Role In this study we had many roles to be tag along and to be acted upon depending n the situa tion. In our research we, the researchers are the instruments. We interact and collaborate with our respondents and gathers data by ourselves. However, in quantitative research, we are non-existent we use instruments to collect data and do not interact with our respondents. These roles and their accompanying broadly stated problems for deliberation are suitable to the Collaborative Research Model in mind.We the researcher's of this case applied these roles: We conducted interviews on our respondents: Data players/addicts Researched some information's in the internet regarding in our case Read books in the library for the aromas Joint our opinions with regards to the topic We considered our limitations in conducting the interview Conclusion After gathering information during our interview and analyzing the information on the case of the effects of Data, we therefore conclude that this Data game has a great effect to the person who are playing on it and come to an end of addiction.The player of this game doesn't matter with their ages and status. From the young to adults Data is the game that is mostly played. It also leads the players to make risky behavior that tends Data players forget their obligations and also their personal Hygiene. Data also complicates relationship on family, friends and special someone. As a whole Data can change the lives of the people who used to play this game. Schematic Diagram Body Data Origin DATA was originally created by a legendary mapmaker called Just by his alias â€Å"Lull† (hence the item Eel's Scepter of Divinity) on of Warrant Ill : Reign of Chaos World Editor.Upon the release of the Frozen Throne expansion, Lull failed to update his map and generous enough to let others develop the map into what we known today as DATA Alistair by another mapmaker called â€Å"Guising† (hence also the item Guising). With the great features of World Editor, DATA maps was even more creatively developed in the 6. X versions by today's DATA Alistair main programmer called â€Å"Iceberg†. Until today, Iceberg declares official map editions of DATA even though many other World Editor mapmakers edit DATA maps in subtle different ways.World Editor is a JOSS-Asynchronous Scripting Syntax)-based application software used to create and edit AD game maps in Blizzard ‘s Warrant Ill. The mapmaker can custom the game through existing virtual palette for units, buildings structures, terrains, sectors, and cameras views. There is also an added pallet imported from Statecraft map editor called doodads (for waters, trees, bushes, boulders, skeletons, fire pits, and others). SASS programmers can specify triggers on how units respond to specific events in the game. These triggers are the building blocks of Data's gamesman.It is the reason why neutral units would retaliate when being attacked and all surrounding enemy units to attack Axe when he pumped the berserker call skill. Any instruction from the gamer pr ompts a trigger and so on with other triggers – a chain reaction of triggers. The editor of Warrant maps and game customs has really surpassed all other forms of game editor in the sense that even novice mapmakers can understand and can easily get along. No wonder why Ells have given up so much inspiration to custom Warrant games the way we wanted to, and customize the map that we always want to play to – the DATA Alistair.So before Iceberg customized the most popular version of DATA Alistair, before Guising updated DATA into Alistair, and before Ells created the DATA custom game, the Blizzard programmers had already handed down to us this great World Editor to kick that creativeness out of gamers lawful minds. Warrant, in general, and DATA Alistair, in particular, may not be this dynamic without the World Editor's provision to enrich the game itself in the farthest way Blizzard could have imagined. The History of Data Much of Defense of the Ancient's gamely stems from inspirations from the Neon of Strife map, available for both Statecraft and Warrant 3.Neon of Strife, also known as ASS, is a modified map that pioneered the concept of players choosing a single hero for the collective objective of destroying the opposing team's base (relatively a new concept for ARTS games). To accomplish this goal, players employ a myriad of strategies based on teamwork and competitive play. Ass-type maps may include many differing features and functions to increase the level of competitive play (I. E. Items that give power, towers that alter gamely, and objectives that win the game).Defense of the Ancient was originally created for Warrant Ill: Reign of Chaos by lead programmer Lull up until the release of Warrant Ill: The Frozen Throne. Lull did not continue development onto The Frozen Throne; and instead, made the map open source before officially shutting down development. In the following days/weeks of Eel's absence, many different variations of Data began t o pop-up including: Data Darkness Falls Data Chaos Data All-stars *other variations exist, but the chronological order is as of yet unconfirmed.From the sea of selection, however, Data All-stars became the most popular version, and is still the most widely played map today. Balancing Studies and DATA The more you excel in Data, the more you flunk at school. -not true. Improving in Data is not all about playing 10 or more games per day. Players improve by how well they learn after winning or losing a game (most of the time in losing). Players who are hard headed and don't believe that they lost because what they are doing is wrong, will never be a better player. The best way to balance studies and Data is having strategies for both.These strategies are the things you're going to think of on how you're going to improve quickly. 1. Pay attention at school. Most players are spending all night playing Data and still daydream about Data when it's school time. You have to focus on what you 're doing at the moment. If you are in the classroom, listen, take notes, do your seat works. Forget anything else unrelated to your studies. . Play moderately. Do not exhaust yourself too much to avoid getting dizzy at school in the morning or worst getting absent/late. Also, you have to reserve energy to study for announced/unannounced quizzes. . Pay attention at your game. When it's playtime, play wisely. Use your limited time to the fullest. 2 or 3 games every afternoon are enough to be a great player after 1 or 2 months. You have to focus on your strengths and weaknesses. Develop your strengths and convert your weaknesses to strengths. 4. Observe the factors that affect your studies. If you find it hard to study after laying, you should study first before playing. In my case, I find it hard to study after losing therefore I used Data as a reward after studying. 5. Know when not to play. Be the master of your own body.If you have a report on the following day or an examination, chances are you need more time for that. You have to sacrifice playing which is not and shouldn't be your priority. 6. Don't mind the insults. If you are insulted for being a weak player, don't be offended causing you to play more hours trying to prove to them that you are a great player. Be offended if you're scolded by your teacher for not doing a simple emperor because of playing all night. 7. Cutting-class is a drug. You try it once, you'll get addicted. Never cut-class if you want to graduate on time. 8. Know when to quit.Know when Data cannot be included in your schedule anymore. For example, in my case, I have to do advance reading and projects. I gave up playing competitive Data and Just play whenever I'm free (twice or thrice a week). Now that I am a lot busier, I'm going to update my blob twice per week instead of everyday. Just like any sport, Data shouldn't be treated as a priority. Play it for fun and play it moderately. Rules in Data Like any other games Data itself ha s its rules. 1. Leaving a game or the use of hacks will result in a ban. 2. If either team has less than 4 people remaining, you may leave without a ban.If the opponents are down one player, and you want to leave to make it even, all allies must agree to it in ALL chat.. 3. Forfeit is allowed after 50 minutes have past and your entire team agrees in all chat by saying â€Å"IF† or â€Å"forfeit†. In a vi, the team of 4 can forfeit after 30 minutes. 4. Remake is allowed if 6 or more players agree (at least 2 from each team). Remake is also allowed if someone leaves in the first 15 minutes ND 3 or more people agree to remake within the next 2 minutes. 5. Going AFC frequently or for long periods may result in a ban. 6.Intentional game ruining things like item stealing from allies and creep blocking are bankable. 7. You may not telephoto into an enemy base without your creeps there, any other backcombing IS allowed. 8. Racism or extreme trash talking may result in a report for review by a neutral moderator. 9. Swapping players without their consent is bankable Data Heroes Karakul, Troll Warlord He has gar attack strength after crisis level 6 provided correct items are chosen. Troll is best hero in data because of his matter bash and attack speed he he very strong skills and perfect item definitely and offense.Tracer, the Drown Ranger Very easy to use yet very strong AS. Does not require complex combination of skills, she Just needs the right combination of items. Best character. When enemy hero silenced and chilled and you have divine rapier. No chance for him Easy to kill enemies. When coming to late game, that's when she shines. She will become unstoppable! Hussar, The Memo Kid I think hussar is the great hero†¦ Best build items†¦ (means, treasure, armlet, and nominator†¦ To Achieve the great and powerful strength of hussar. If you know the correct move, you can kill everybody.HUSSAR is the best among the rest†¦ My best item bui ld( threads, satanic, armlet, ginghams and 2 heart of treasure†¦ ) Dark Terrors, Faceless Void Amazing character. Will be kill with chromospheres plus cranium basher.. I think everybody will feel so SICK. This is the hero that got me caught up in data, from the first time I played him amazing dude. The best killer data. For attack his third skill for stun. And 5 sec chromo to kill INTO hero. Lustful, Auras Warrior Using his artichoke along with overpower really makes us ‘godlike'. Enrage also gets him on top of all the heroes of dot A.Provide him with the abyssal blade, a Shiva's guard and the loather's educe and rest leave to him. His awesome speed can also make a difference. Choose him once and you will never think of another hero. Behold the vela's offering in his claws, anything is undone. Level 4 of Furry Swipes he's ready to reclaim what Reason stole. He has deadly skills and sank kill Russian in level without test Dragon Knight Dragon knight can be anything. Using his skills he can be anything; from a stunner to oilier, and even a pusher. DC is the best HERO 4 me. Because he has a super AS! COOL! 😀 With the ARMOR and REGENT.. Find a way to run..There the Dragon's rage come.. † Bungalow, Electrotype He should be the best because his attack speed and strength is so remarkable when he turns into a wolf. So cool, So awesome. For me bungalow, electrotype is best for me, because even you did not give inventory to him, he still powerful†¦ From bon BUNGALOW CAN BEAT ANYONE Seven, the Rogue Knight Strongest melee heroes, his God Strength beat everything and when the enemy runs†¦ Say hello to Storm Bolt. Seven got the God's Strength no one can beat him with God's Strength even troll he Just go get basher and make for troll he is Tank, Hitter, Stunner, Runner (war cry) and what? s then dagger then stun then hit rampage. Brachium, Spirit Breaker Fast runner and good for the team and wear madness With Mask of madness, power threads and crystals you will be able to make a kill in 4 seconds. Brachium is an awesome hero and with proper items he is unstoppable. Coo he runs fast sometimes it cool. Carded Sharpe, Dwarves Sniper Just try it with an item build of gangs and hash, butterfly, burial-do-Kenyon, monkey inning bar, heart of treasure and power threads. Carded is the best in long range appearance.I know that he is weak, but he can also finish the Job. That's why I chose him than drown ranger and I want you all to use carded because he as great skills (especially by his last skill) and I now he is slow at speed. Fragile yet very strong and precise as the name suggests. He's easy to play as but hard to master. Only a true DATA player can use him at his fullest potential. My advice is to HIT fast and HIT hard. Be Polite. Be Efficient. Be Professional. Never Kill Steal. Assassinate/ Data Heroes for STRENGTHEarthquakes Seven Tiny Skunks Bushmaster Clockwork McKnight Hussar Alchemist Brewster Treat Protector Wisp Centaur Warner Timbers Tusk Axe Budge Sand King Slander Thundered Skeleton King Lifestyles Night Stalker Doom Spirit Breaker Electrotype Chaos Knight Undying Magnums Data Heroes for Agility Anti-Mage Drown Ranger Juggernaut Marina Morphing Phantom Lancer Vengeful Spirit Rick Sniper Template Assassin Ulna Bounty Hunter Auras Gyroscopes Lone Druid Nag Sire Troll warlord Bloodsucker Shadow Fiend Razor Vengeance Faceless Void Phantom Assassin Viper Clinks Bloodmobile Weaver Specter MopeONYX Assassin Clark Medusa Data Heroes for Intelligence Crystal Maiden Puck Storm Spirit Windsurfer Zeus Liana Shadow Shaman Tinker Nature's Prophet Enchantress Jakarta Chem. Silencer Ogre Magi Rubric Disruptor Keeper of the Light Bane Lice Lion Witch Doctor Enigma Necrology Warlock Queen of Pain Death Prophet Pug Dazzle Lasher Dark Seer Batterer Ancient Apparition Invoker Outward Devourer Shadow Demon Visage Advantages and Disadvantages of Data The life style of the youth who have been playing Data is af fected by the game. There are both advantages and disadvantages for them. Let's talk about the advantages iris.As one of the most playable games online, Data can make the players become alert in the mental. They will also turn to be strategic and cooperative. Through computing the magic, damages, gold, physical reduction present and the other stuff, they will get more lore in mathematics. Thus, the youth can get benefits from playing Data. However, not only does the game has advantages, it can also generate the bad effects. It is said that the body system will be weakened. The way the young people think along with their mind will be corrupted. They will not take the money and moral values seriously in life.Heroes in the game often use powerful units. They also have allied heroes and AAA-controlled fighters called â€Å"creeps† who can offer the assistance. Over the mission, gamers are required to purchase the equipment with gold. They have to level up their hero. It may lead them to irresponsibility if they cannot control themselves to deal with time management and priority. They will become lazier and forget the studies. Owing to the game, they may also break the relationships with the family members. What's worse, they will lose their temper and values by the foul languages alike â€Å"Trash talks†.The triggers always exist potentially. More money will be wasted if they cannot stop playing the game. Although the game is funny, you cannot be too addicted. Self-control is extremely important in the modern times. DATA Advantages 1 . Data helps the youth who are playing this game to become mentally alert, cooperative, and strategic. 2. It increases their knowledge in mathematics by computing the gold's, damages, magic and physical reduction present in the game. 3. Playing DATA are for the youth to communicate teenagers who initially don't know each other can easily be friends.

Dilations Essays - Dilation, Metric Geometry, Free Essays

Dilations Essays - Dilation, Metric Geometry, Free Essays Dilations Dilations in Math, Art, and Science Historically, dilations have been fundamentally indispensable in the development of cultures around the world. The Greeks for example, without dilations would have merely been a bunch of homeless philosophers instead of the brilliant architects they were. In this paper Ill discuss the uses and the history of dilations. Dilations have long been used in the world, both past and present. Early examples include Greek, Roman, and other ancient cultures using dilations to accomplish various complex engineering feats. Overseers would commonly sit a set distance from a construction site, and a pole of some sort with a fixed length was placed in front of them. Because of this layout, the engineers were allowed to see both length and height (if desired) of the specified building or construction. Artists also commonly utilized the use of simple dilations to make scaled and accurate artwork in the 1400 and 1500s. Even today, you see dilations in use. For instance, a picture of the globe, or a map of a particular area can be magnified many times, creating dilation (see the example on the visual board.) On a golf course, you might look at the flagpole at the end of the course to get a fairly accurate sense of the distance from you to the green. Common sense dictates that the smaller the 4 flag is in your perspective, the farther the golf hole is from you, and vice versa. Dilation Instructions: To perform a simple dilation, follow these instructions. Place one point, the size of a pencil tip, at any place on a piece of paper (preferably the near the middle to keep this simple.) Now, measure a compass width to approximately inch. Make a light circle surrounding your dilation origin (pencil dot; dilation center.) Place a dot at any place on that circle, and then exactly inch away from the dot you just made, draw another dot on the circle. After this, measure your compass width to approximately 1-inch wide. Draw another circle about your origin (original dot; pencil dot; dilation center.) Make a line that goes through both your origin, and one of your dots that are on the first inner circle. Do the same with the origin and the other dot on the first inner circle. Now, find the place where each line intersects the second circle and place a dot on those two places. Erase the inner and outer circles and the two lines and you have a dilation! Bibliography NA

If Only She Had Listen to Me- Short Story Essays

If Only She Had Listen to Me- Short Story Essays If Only She Had Listen to Me- Short Story Essay If Only She Had Listen to Me- Short Story Essay Friendship is a feeling of love of one person for another. Its not necessary to choose whom to be your friend,your best friend. The friendship between one person and another are always in different ways. The feelings, the sentiments are not similar.. I knew her since kindergarten. Her name is Kristen, she came from a rich family. She can easily have whatever she wants because she was the only child in her family. Her father is a successful business man. And her mother was a great spender. And Im her best friend. She used to be a stubborn one and never listen to others. She always think that she is the perfect one and she was right. She would never listen to the advice. She is so herself. Because of her behavior , she seemed to be so lonely among friends. I bet nobody likes her in school , especially the discipline teacher. People were wondering how i could stand her behavior and still so good to her. What did she meant to me? Friend. I treat her as my best friend, because I knew that her attitude is different from her personalities. I knew that She has everything exept love. Kristen always turn up to amusement park instead of tuition class. he was lost in a materialistic life. Then she met a guy. She fell in love with a jobless guy. In my mind, true friend should involve in inspiring their friends to walk on the right path, no ridiculous mistakes. Ive begging her not to simply fall I love with pleasure seeking guys. And Im extraordinary sured that she was stepping on the thinnest ice. Which could ruin her in anytime. I told her to promise me that s he would not do the wrong things, also respect her mother. i promised, i will. she had said. Of course, she wont. She started to absent for school. I were in her house on the day that her mum found out she played truant . Her mum loose control, then they scream and shout to each other after starting a conversation. The relationship between she and mother was very bad. No discussion between them but only quarreling all the time. Ive been trying so hard to persuade her to be a obedient daughter , respect her mother. But she would never listen. Time after time she was trying to leave her house. I used to visit her so often , because I knew what she really lacked of. She was loosing her weight day after day. Get thin and thinner . I wondered why she dont satisfied of her body size. Until one Saturday night ! She hug and cried on my shoulder and babbling on everythings. That was the first time she did this to me since we met. I thought she was strong , but she wasnt . She felt she gain no love   but relatives and friends that looked down on her and parents that shouted to her oftentimes. The next morning, i had a sudden phone call from her mother, saying that she was missing. We tried so hard to find her on every single day. About one year later, Kristen returned in a thin, sick physical conditions. The scene in my mind is still so clear . Kristen was squatting on the floor in the kitchen,with hands on head. Her skin and lips were dry and her unfocused eyes filled with tears. She never stop snivel , and her nose was dripping like a water tap. I guessed I knew what had happened to her. My heart was suffocating , her mum cried on her : Kris ! I told you to behave ! And you! Why? Why did you do this ? and I added , I know you doesnt intend to become a drug addict . Kristen , come back back please. We will help you and your father is on the way home to help you ! We will be with you.    Kristen spoke with a smile of despair thank you ,my friend ,for everything. But , but its too late , Im pregnant . she picked a knife from behind and stabbed herself on the stomach and blood ame out and she fell , faced Dow the floor. My heart stop beating for a few seconds and I heard she whispered . Im sorry , mother . she close her eyes , blood dripping from her lifeless body . Death is simple , easy . Life is harder. What im thinking is, This incident wont go so bad if only she had listen to me.

Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus Improves Photo Developing

Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus Improves Photo Developing Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus was born in Cuba in 1863 but made his home in   Newton, New Jersey. Little is known of his personal life, but he left an enduring legacy in innovations in developing photographic prints. He may or may not have been of Afro-Cuban descent. Photographic Print Inventions by Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus Dorticus invented an improved photographic print and negative wash machine. During the process of developing a photographic print or negative, the product is soaked in several chemical baths. The print wash neutralizes the chemicals in each bath process, so that the time the chemicals effect a print can be exactly controlled. Dorticus believed his method would eliminate over washing that could soften the photograph too much. The design would prevent the prints sticking to the side of the tank. His design saved water with an automatic register and automatic water shutoff. Using a removable false bottom on the washer and protected the prints and negatives from leftover chemicals and sediments in the tank. He filed for this patent on June 7, 1893. It is cited by examiners in five more patents for photographic film and print washers filed over the next 100 years. Dorticus also invented an improved machine for embossing photographs. His machine was designed to both/either mount or emboss a photographic print. Embossing is a method or raising parts of a photograph for a relief or 3D look. His machine had a bed plate, a die, and a pressure bar and bearings. He filed for this patent on July 12, 1894. It was referenced by two other patents in the 1950s. The patents for these two inventions were published only days apart in the spring of 1895, although they were filed about a year apart. List of Patents Issued to Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus Clatonia Joaquin Dorticuss other inventions included an applicator for applying color liquid dyes to the soles and heels of  shoes,  and a hose leak stop. #535,820, 3/19/1895, Device for applying coloring liquids to sides of soles or heels of shoes#537,442, 4/16/1895, Machine for embossing photographs#537,968, 4/23/1895, Photographic print washer#629,315, 7/18/1899, Hose leak stop Life of Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus Clatonia Joaquin Dorticus was born in Cuba in 1863. Sources say his  father was from Spain and his mother was born in Cuba.  The date at which he came to the United States is not known, but he was residing in Newton, New Jersey when he made several patent applications. He may also have gone by the first name of Charles rather than the uncommon Clatonia. He was married to Mary Fredenburgh and they had two children together. He is often noted on lists of   black American inventors  although he was listed in the 1895 New Jersey census as a white male. He may have been of Afro-Cuban descent with a light complexion. He died in 1903 at only 39 years of age. Not much else is known, and many short biographies note this. Learn more about the invention of photography and photo developing.

Court observstion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Court observstion - Essay Example The court demonstrate great power relation in the exercise of its jurisprudence, this is symbolized by the setting of its procedures, to the architecture of the courtroom, the procedures, the presentation of oneself from the judges to the defendants. This is illustrated as stated below: The Architecture: this comprises of the structure of the courtroom in relation with the power relation within the courtroom, the judges position was raised above the rest with the depicting high authority of the judge towards the other members. This does not accommodate equal power distribution among the participants. The fundamental architecture design of courtroom, complimented by precisely calculated use and placement of furniture, did not accommodate equal power distribution among all courtroom participants (Carlen, 1976, pg50). Instead, such architectural features awarded the presiding judged with the position with the most superior power (Carlen, 1976, pg50). The judges place was elevated making the defendant inferior to the judge, the judges dock was the highest positioning of the courtroom having it also centrally placed, ritualized the judges position as equal and non-partisan to any side. The defendants dock was placed isolated with a police officer standing beside the dock this showed the position of defence as the case was to proceed. The furniture in the courtroom is set that the occupants are facing and focused on the witness box which is placed at a lower level than any other furniture item allowing all the members of the courtroom to have clear focus on the witness (Greenberg, 1976, pg87). Arguably, while looking down upon defendant extents intimidation to witness, which makes them to understand their position in the power hierarchy of the courtroom ensuring clear conscious of the need to comply with the laid down system of the will and codes of the court. The presentation: the judges presence was followed by a peculiar silence depicting authority,

Easy A Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Easy A - Essay Example The next Monday, the two goes to the bathroom, and Rhiannon asks about Olive’s encounter with the college student. Olive lies that she lost her virginity with the fictitious boyfriend on the same weekend. Marianne (Amanda Bynes) overheard the conversation. She then proceeded to spread the rumor about Olive’s promiscuity (Devine, Easy A). Marianne, the religious fanatic, and the school’s chastity queen, blames Olive unexpectedly about her promiscuity. Olive wears a cloth of a notorious student. During the English class, she identifies herself as Hester Prynne, the woman condemned by her neighbors in the novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne (Devine, Easy A). Olive confides the truth to her bullied gay friend, Brandon, suggesting to her to lie that he had slept with a girl. Brandon asks for help from Olive, and the two pretends to have had sex in a party. Olive’s reputation degrades. Outcast boys offer to pay Olive so as to improve their image too (Devine, Easy A). Her new power even worked for adults. The teacher Mr. Griffith, and his estranged wife, the guidance counselor who ends up entangled in embarrassments. She finally lost control of the situation and had to take an attitude to revert it. The main female character is Olive Penderghast. The real name of the actor is Emma Stones. In the film, she makes an innocent lie to avoid camping with her best friend, Rhiannon, together with her weird parents. She claims she had gone on a date while she had spent the weekend doing tedious things like singing alone in the room, painting her nails and the nails of her dog (Devine, Easy A). Another female character is Marianne, Amanda Bynes. She is the righteous religious girl in the film. She lights the fuse on olive’s lie and goes ahead in spreading it. Rhiannon, Aly Michalka, is also a female character in the film. She sets peak in the play (Devine, Easy A). Olive Penderghast, the virgin high school girl, never wanted to

Real Property Rights and Environmental Impact Research Paper

Real Property Rights and Environmental Impact - Research Paper Example Since environment is finite, ecological limitations will ultimately constrain human activities. The interrelations within human reliance on and restriction of environment gives the land paramount role in the society (John J. Fittipaldi 56). Understanding real property rights include politics, philosophy, economics, sociology and law. Restrained distinctions need to be created. The conclusions are often ambiguous. Reasonable people may disagree. Agronomic, biological and engineering aspects have to be considered in finding the limits of resource ownership, division or responsibilities on environment and effects on the third party. History, customs, facts and circumstances of specific cases are crucial in debate over property rights and environment. Real property is not a relationship between things and people but a relationship between people in regards to things around him. The social and legal significance of real property is not the tangible part of it; rather the rights that are a ttach to it (John Ratcliffe 89). An important characteristic has to be put between property rights and property ownership. Consequently, tenants have the right to use properties owned by other individuals in return of rent payment. A relevant example is the difference between trade in annual allocation –temporally trade, and trade in irrigation entitlement-permanent trade, where ownership of long term right to use is not altered. Steps have been made in application of concepts of real property rights to environmental issues, especially irrigation, where water is seen as trading innovator. Certainly, the logic of eradicating the past stiff attachment of rights to use irrigation schemes to particular lands is now hardly questioned. Nonetheless, while thinking about real properties rights is an important step in illuminating responsibilities for environmental management and assessing any claims for compensation, changes in property rights should not be oversold as an answer to e nvironmental crisis (Robinson 98). Real property can assist rationing of resources among different individuals and uses, but will not end any dispute over the impact of the rationing program. On this reasoning, a rigid legal approach to irrigators’ property rights would have a negative economic impact and political reaction. Current attitude on irrigators is that they are being supported by government, including unspoken approval of associated environmental damages. On a different perspective, environmental contamination often has a considerable impact upon real property. Buyers and sellers dedicate significant efforts towards negotiating a price in the sale of the contaminated property which accounts for its needs to be reinter ceded under the management of environment agencies (Australia 23). The eventual price agreed upon is usually replicating a negative effect caused by the subsistence of environmental pollution. There are numerous ways in which environmental situation m ay affect the valuation of real property tax appeal context (Roger LeRoy Miller 86). Arguments over property rights are forefront of debate over irrigation and the environment. Contradicting elucidations of the current political and legal situation highlight the need for practicality if excellent outcome are to be obtained in environmental

Socrates Political View Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Socrates Political View - Essay Example The Socratic philosophical approach posits that the central subject matter of philosophy is the human being and virtues are viewed as a form of knowledge. Additionally, the approach posits that people do not commit evil intentionally and that they can explain the different accounts that have transformed their lives. Socrates is considered as the most revolutionary political theorist in the history of politics. Socrates believed in the ability of a man being superego. Plato posits, â€Å"in [his] investigation of the service of the god†¦that those who had the highest reputation were nearly the most deficient, while those who were thought to be inferior were more knowledgeable†. Notable among his declarations is that the wisest man is the one that knows that he knows not. Socrates argued that human happiness is the product of the ethical knowledge on how people should live and not on the basis of material possession and wealth. His political theory argues that governments s hould not act as merely powerful organizational entities; rather they should adhere to the ethical principles that enhance the culture of moral uprightness. The government’s role, according to Socrates, should be to cater for the common benefit of all citizens rather than discriminating individuals over adherence to societal rules. His association with political change and activism is related to the fact his ideas attracted enthusiastic admiration from the youths who add participate in the political coup at Athens in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian war.

Low-risk 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Low-risk 1 - Essay Example (Dr. Andrew Wood) Puritans were people were very impressive and were greatly determined to make an impact on the new generation. The puritans were Englishmen who emerged from the Elizabethan era. They were hopeful and cheerful people who had a â€Å"Can-Do† attitude and were willing to accept any challenge with great courage. The puritans whenever they used to have a problem with other people or some influential powers they would sort out the matter through negotiations and in accordance with the teachings of Christianity. The main and only purpose of the Puritans was just prayer and nothing else. To them the solution to every problem was in the teachings of God. For them their faith did not just meant going to Sunday mass but it was more than that, they were close to God in almost every way of their life. Due to their Biblical Christianity they suffered a lot as they were treated very badly by the established Church and the English Crown. In short the Puritans were people who were cheerful ha ving great faith in God which they passed it to their children no matter what the consequences were. (Gavin Finley) "Noe man is made more honorable than another or more wealthy &c., out of any particular and singular respect to himself, but for the glory of his creator and the common good of the creature, man" (p. 1). (John Winthrop) (Dr. Andrew Wood) According to Winthrop the Puritans should treat all the people equally irrespective of them being wealthy or poor. People should take the difficulties of their lives as a test which is given to them by God and no one should consider himself as more superior to others on the basis of wealth. (Dr. Andrew

Socrates Political View Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Socrates Political View - Essay Example The Socratic philosophical approach posits that the central subject matter of philosophy is the human being and virtues are viewed as a form of knowledge. Additionally, the approach posits that people do not commit evil intentionally and that they can explain the different accounts that have transformed their lives. Socrates is considered as the most revolutionary political theorist in the history of politics. Socrates believed in the ability of a man being superego. Plato posits, â€Å"in [his] investigation of the service of the god†¦that those who had the highest reputation were nearly the most deficient, while those who were thought to be inferior were more knowledgeable†. Notable among his declarations is that the wisest man is the one that knows that he knows not. Socrates argued that human happiness is the product of the ethical knowledge on how people should live and not on the basis of material possession and wealth. His political theory argues that governments s hould not act as merely powerful organizational entities; rather they should adhere to the ethical principles that enhance the culture of moral uprightness. The government’s role, according to Socrates, should be to cater for the common benefit of all citizens rather than discriminating individuals over adherence to societal rules. His association with political change and activism is related to the fact his ideas attracted enthusiastic admiration from the youths who add participate in the political coup at Athens in the aftermath of the Peloponnesian war.

Inclusion in Early Childhood Education Personal Statement

Inclusion in Early Childhood Education - Personal Statement Example Programs, lobbies, and organizations have increased regarding inclusion over the years. More and more people have been getting involved. Likewise, the number of schools affected by inclusion has multiplied. The education system has been changing towards equality for all students. Increasingly, many individuals have realized the benefits of this movement. As humans, freedom has always been one of our strongest passions. It brings us joy to know that we are all being refined in the culture of equality. Educating all children to the utmost extent possible in a regular classroom is one of the noblest movements of mankind. We must then say yes to inclusive education since it fights for the rights of all children to be full members of the society. Some people think that inclusion is not the best option for all cases. Several think that it is unfair for the other students to be compromised. â€Å"†¦for example, children with hearing impairments may be in segregated classrooms or at ho me to concentrate on learning sign language† (Deiner, 1999, p. 31). ... A number of individuals still have misconceptions about inclusion. Others just define it with their own understanding. Furthermore, definitions have evolved and influenced by a country’s legislation. Some teachers who have to face the challenges are ill-equipped on how to handle the situation. In reality, there are educators who have to accept the â€Å"inclusive classroom setting† without appropriate knowledge and experience. Traditionally, children with special needs are not included in assessment standards. This makes it hard for several systems to evaluate their respective performances. In actual settings, teachers, including volunteers, are not enough to manage the learning process inside the classroom. According to the U.S. Department of Education (2007), 53.6% of children with disabilities are served in regular classrooms. With this population, more educators are undeniably needed to be thoroughly trained concerning teaching children with disabilities. Clearly, i nclusion brings about a change in the education system that everyone needs to be prepared of since the special education, as well as the regular system, are affected in this alteration. To address the other teachers’ qualms regarding inclusion, a collaborative approach can be helpful in communicating the necessary information. It is understandable that many professionals are still in the denial stage regarding inclusion. In due time, they will be able to have acceptance, understanding, and eventually knowledge about the process of inclusion. Almost all schools are already pushing for this undertaking to succeed. Sooner or later, more compelling regulations are likely to be endorsed.  

Root Causes of Terrorism Essay Example for Free

Root Causes of Terrorism Essay Fieldman and Shapir (2004) noted that â€Å"some of the latest figures involving international suicide terrorists, their actions and the outcome of these actions, mentioning that there were eleven suicide attacks in Chechnya since 2003 involving fifteen terrorists, eleven of which are women. Their actions killing 200 and sixty one suicide attacks until June 2004 in Iraq involving seventy nine suicide terrorists that killed 840 people, and that suicide terrorism is significant in Israeli-Palestinian conflict as anti-Israel suicide attacks were numbered to 26 2003 to June 2004 (Fieldman, Shapir, 2004, p. 46). † This is proof of one of the many similar characteristics and nature of these different suicide terrorist groups: the measure and extent of their resolve. â€Å"In other areas around the world, fifty-four terrorists identified with Al Qaeda or its affiliated took part in nineteen suicide attacks in which over 280 people were killed. Overall, more than 170 suicide terrorists carried out 117 suicide attacks, a figure that does not include the numerous frustrated suicide attacks, mostly but not exclusively in Israel (Feldman, Shapir, 2004, p. 46). † Suicide terrorist groups around the world and the shared parallelism in management, nature and characteristics Despite the differences present between different suicide terrorist groups operating in different parts of the world, there is a noticeable set of parallelisms that render each group closely similar with one another, creating in a certain degree a sense of uniformity in the manner by which suicide terrorist groups are being managed, run and operated by its leaders. Suicide terrorist groups often share the same set of motivation that allows for the effective management of the personality and overall state of being of its suicide terrorists; they also share nearly the same M. O. , as well as target preferences and the penchant for an attack the lethality of which is guaranteed to extend to a large number of people victimized by the attack; politically, the goals of suicide terrorist groups (the creation of pressure to remove usurpers and modern day colonial rulers and exercise genuine governance and sovereignty over their own lands) are radically aligned with each other. Suicide terrorists and the personality management skill of its leaders An important aspect of suicide terrorism and of the suicide terrorists groups that needs to be discussed is the ‘management’ of these particular individuals. Because the tasks of suicide terrorists are not similar to any other ordinary tasks since their job has a significant level of certainty of death and the finality of life in it, leaders of either small, independent terrorist cells or national level commanders of an umbrella organization for terrorist group (or any leadership or management-level individual belonging to a terrorist group that has in its method of operation suicidal attacks) should have an intensive knowledge on how suicide terrorists should be handled and how each aspect of the suicide terrorist’s personality – emotional, psychological, spiritual, mental and physical – is ‘managed’. Recruiting suicide terrorist may appear either easy or difficult depending on the person who holds the particular opinion. People who see how emotional, psychological and other types motivation easily convinces a prospective suicide bomber to take on a mission and end his/her life for something which the suicide terrorist believes is worth it will think that all leaders need to do is manipulate people into becoming suicide terrorists by using pressure points to which the prospective recruit will easily yield or bend. Religion and militant fanaticism is one of the popular notions that people used to believe as the main reason for the recruitment of suicide bombers. There are those who believe that patriotism or the love for the country is the key motivation for suicide terrorists, while others, who recruit from areas which are economically and financially depressed, pay money or promise a better life for the family that they will leave behind. There are some reported cases of blackmail or the use of threat, as well as the presence of pressure coming from political groups to which a person belongs to, or the pressure of socially-shared political ideology that compels members to undertake such tasks. â€Å"Men become suicide terrorists in extraordinary cases, and each case requires its own explanation. There are some indirect data to suggest that a psychological trauma is an obligatory component. The trauma should be related not only to the death of relatives and/or personal threat to life but also to humiliation, personal but most particularly to a perception of national dignity (Wessely, Krasnov, 2006, p. 112). † Regardless of the particular motivation at play in a particular organization in a particular situation (since the motivation of suicide terrorists around the world varies in detail from one another in different occasions), the important thing that this illustrates is the role of effective management of the terrorist group leaders of its own suicide terrorist squads. They seldom retreat or abort missions because of last minute realizations, but this does not mean that they are crazy – professional researchers and analysts simply believes that the motivation and pressure existing is too much that it is impossible to dissuade suicide terrorists from undertaking their tasks of taking not just their lives, but that of other people as well. â€Å"Although research indicates that individual suicide attackers make choices and are not technically crazy, according to experts they are often manipulated by the pressures and belief structures of the group. Because of this, it is important to study the role of the organization in the phenomenon (Linden, 2002, p. 82). † The political significance, role and impact of suicide terrorist groups – The nature of the different suicide terrorist groups around the world is reflected in how they assert and create political significance for their group. Through their efforts towards political significance, observers can identify the essence of these groups, enumerate them and in the process allow the creation of paradigms from which terrorist groups are the nature of future terrorists groups are characterized. This aspect shows the core nature of suicide terrorist groups – a group of individuals that resorted to the use of lethal force and deadly weapon in the effort to effect change in the political landscape, a band of radical fighters who use the lives of innocent individuals as leverage to gain such power and influence, people who are motivated by different things (but nonetheless equally highly motivated, enough to die and to kill), these are the people who rely on scare and fear tactics to create pressure. Their actions create pressure – towards their enemies and sometimes towards themselves when the end product of an attack backfires and becomes a cause of problem for terrorist groups themselves – while at the same time allowing for the style and personality of this particular group to change over time, altering as well the manner by which the world responds and reacts to terrorism, particularly to suicide terrorists and their actions. â€Å"Al Qaeda’s coordinated multiple suicide airborne attacks aimed at destroying three outstanding US landmark targets the World Trade Center in New York City, the Pentagon, and Congress on September 11, 2001, demonstrated the escalating terrorist threat posed to civilian and military infrastructure With 9/11, the worst terrorist attack ever, the threshold for terrorism world-wide increased. Terrorism has moved from tactical to a strategic threat, prompting governments to invest unprecedented resources both in pre-empting terrorist attacks and in managing mass casualty attacks (Steven, Gunaratna, 2004, p. 2). † Because of the group’s political significance, analysts now grow more observant towards the efficiency by which suicide terrorist group leaders handle the organizations to make protracted and long battles like the ones being fought by terrorist group possible and sustainable over the years and over the number of suicide bombers lost and needs to be replaced time and again. Nature of suicide terrorism: political strategy versus religious undertaking – One of the most common and distorted ideas about suicide terrorism is that it is an act resulting from radical Islamist beliefs or the manifestation of the will of certain religious beliefs that glorify and moralize the use of lethal force and the taking of innocent lives. Historians clear out the confusion in this particular aspect of the nature of suicide terrorist groups around the world: historians and analysts believe that religious will is not the motivation of suicide terrorist groups; rather, it is the means by which strategic political actions are justified to the people and most especially to the suicide terrorists. For actions that carry with it severe moral stigma, there is a need for the presence of moral righteousness for the undertaking to be enacted without doubt, and here, religious and other non-political aspect of the set of beliefs comes into play; sometimes, suicide bombers are not even fully aware of the political repercussions of his/her actions nor the real political reasons why such act is necessary; for the suicide terrorist, it is enough that there is a sufficient reason wherein he can directly relate to and understand. â€Å"Suicide terrorist attacks are not so much driven by religion as by a clear strategic objective: to compel modern democracies to withdraw military forces from the territory that the terrorists view as their homeland. From Lebanon to Sri Lanka to Chechnya to Kashmir to the West Bank, every major suicide terrorist campaign over 95 percent of all incidents has had as its central objective to compel a democratic state to withdraw (LeMay, 2006, p. 252). † Religion is the balm that soothes the wounds and calms the fears of suicide bombers. At this level, the understanding and appreciation of goals is still shared by most since everyone understands and experiences the state of spirituality and religious belief necessary to make religion a powerful influence and motivation for the suicide bomber. â€Å"Other Muslims would argue the Koran supports actions of suicide bombers. These latter groups include radical and/or militant terrorist organizations with which we are familiar (Williams, Waltrip, 2004, p. 139). † The leader might not bother the suicide bomber/terrorist with the political complexities of such actions since this usually requires a level of mental capability similar to that of the learned and the educated, and not every suicide terrorist that pulls plunges himself/herself and the bomb inside a crowded place are educated, or did not have the chance to be one. â€Å"The suicide terrorist no longer thinks; he finds his inspiration and refuge in prayer, as outlined in Mohammad Atta’s letter to his comrades before the attack of September 11, 2001. There should be a ritual of washing and shaving, and the night is to be spent in prayer trying to forget the world. Then there should be further prayers, and after this Atta advises the others, ‘Smile and feel secure. For God is with the believers and the angels are guarding him without him feeling it. ’ We do not know, however, whether all or any of the suicide bombers did indeed spend the last night praying; some reportedly spent it in a bar or a night club (Laquer, 2003, p. 95). † References Bjorgo, Tore (December 2005). Root Causes of Terrorism: Myths, Reality and Ways Forward. Taylor Francis, Inc.

Internal Auditing Information Technology Case Study

Internal Auditing Information Technology Case Study Yue Sun (Leah) Activity 1. Key entity-level controls COSO Component Entity-level Controls Control Environment Organization wide integrity code of conduct Raising awareness and application of the code Granting restricted accesses to managers based on their department and responsibility scope Risk Assessment Organization wide risk assessment Risk appetites designed by department managers Having senior managements or control groups review and approve risk appetite Control Activities Organization wide policy protocol Independent internal audit committee oversight Information technology general control Information Communication Utilizing secured and monitored communication system for employees Monitoring Activities Performance management system Regularly perform internal auditing processes Activity 2. Audit procedure for information technology general control Determining whether the managements hold a positive attitude and approach toward integrity and ethics. Determining whether policies exists to define acceptable IT practices, conflict of interest, and or other expected standards of ethical behavior within the organization. Determining whether management take proper precaution and disciplinary action in circumstances where dishonor the policies. Determining whether practitioners and management receive complete necessary training to efficiently perform their duties. Determining whether the integrity code of conduct is being applied throughout daily operations. Determining whether the role of each employee is well defined, documented, and understood by all parties in the organization. Determining whether all procedures are properly documented by designated employee and the documentation is securely managed with restricted access. Determining whether there are processes in place to monitor the integrity and the ethical value within the department. Audit procedures and evidence that indicate operating effectiveness Audit procedures to determine operational efficiency Determining whether the tasks and goals are performed and achieved. It implies that the controls are operating efficiently when management and employees meet the expectations associated with their responsibilities. Evaluating the commitment of the management and employees when executing the internal controls set as higher level commitments from management and employees lead to higher level operating efficiency. Determining whether management is promoting and trying to enforce the internal controls in the organization. Observing the efficiency and effectiveness of communication between management and employees. It indicates that the controls are operating efficiently when management and employees keep an open and transparent communication channel. Observing the attitude of both management and employees towards integrity and ethics in the internal controls. Evidence that indicate operating effectiveness The operation should be considered effective when management holds a positive tone throughout the organization and the communication between management and employees is effective and transparent. Having an ethics and integrity program that is honored by both management and employees is another indicator for effective operation. Activity 4. SHR Corporations entity-level controls are mostly soft in nature and therefore, can impact the corporations employees in terms of how they approach issues. Such entity-level controls do operate across the organization to mitigate risks that threaten the company while provide assurance that the objectives of the organization would be achieved. In addition, the entity-level controls have both internal and external effect. For instance, such control would impact on the effectiveness at transaction and processing level which could minimize the risks that would prevent the company from achieving its objectives. Weakness in SHR Corporations entity-level controls include incidents where management is not dedicated to train and mentor employees. Lacking communication between management and employees could impact the operating effectiveness greatly. Another weakness would be when less reliance is placed on control activities that are performed by employees who require highly judgmental or complex tasks. In order to amend the listed weaknesses, management should be assessing the quality of the internal control performance across the organization. Monitoring activities are necessary and SHR should also acquire independent evaluation by internal auditors to minimize risks. Management and employees behavior could be affected by the entity-level controls that are carried out across the entire organization. Based on the risks that the organization is currently facing, the entity-level controls would require managements to assess and report on the effectiveness of the internal control of the organization. The independent internal auditors should confirm and evaluate such reports concerning the effectiveness of the corporations internal control. Management and employees behavior at business processing level could be positively impacted since entity-level controls could improve their accountability. Having an effective entity-level controls would help both management and employees comply with organizations policies and code of conducts. Because entity-level controls provide assurance to the board and management that the established procedures and policies are performed throughout the organizations operation. When auditing controls over the companys purchases and accounts payable, SHRs entity-level controls could affect professional skepticism since effective controls could minimize potential risks and misappropriation. Meanwhile, the entity-level controls would facilitate the assessment of process-level risks that could affect the operation of the organization. In addition, process-level controls could assist when conducting direct testes of transactions in order to ensure the financial statements are accurately presented.